2019山东淄博英语试卷+答案+解析(word整理版)

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淄博市 2019 年初中学业水平考试

英语试题

第Ⅰ卷选择题

完形填空

For thousands of years，people farmed the land. They grew fruits and vegetables. They hunted and fished for

meat. They___1___cloth, dyes(染料) and paper from plants. They used stone and metal for weapons and tools.

People progressed to making machines powered ___2___water and steam(蒸汽), and even later, by coal, oil,

and petrol. Large cities were built. Factories ___3___of machines created jobs in the cities for thousands of people.

The Industrial Revolution(工业革命) changed the lives of many people because, for the first time, more people

lived in cities than on ___4___.

Companies built power plants(工厂) to make___5___to run the machines，factories and cities.

People did not realize these activities were___6___the Earth. They didn't realize oil, gas, coal and minerals

were being used up___7___. ___8___cities grew bigger and spread across the land. plants and animals began to

disappear. Their nature homes were destroyed(破坏) as people moved into new places.

As time passed, people began to ___9___ the need to protect the Earth and its natural resources(资源). They

saw that plants and animals needed protection，so they wouldn't disappear forever. People joined together to

tell____10____around the world to conserve(节约) our natural resources and care for the Earth. And so. Earth Day

was born. Each year，more and more people take part in Earth Day. What can you do to help?

1. A. separated B. washed C. made D. mixed

2. A. as B. for C. with D. by

3. A. full B. proud C. sick D. short

4. A. mountains B. rivers C. grasslands D. farms

5. A. metal B. water C. electricity D. oil

6. A. helping B. harming C. wasting D. losing

7. A. clearly B. hardly C. quickly D. slowly

8. A. Before B. If C. As D. Though

9. A. forget B. see C. remember D. get

10. A. them B. other C. another D. others

【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. D

【解析】

分析】

这篇短文主要讲述了是人类的活动给地球带来了危害，现在人们越来越意识到保护地球的重要性。

【1题详解】

句意：他们用植物做布、染料和纸。

A. separated 分离；B. washed 洗；C. made 制作；D. mixed 混合。根据上文 For thousands of years，people

farmed the land. They grew fruits and vegetables. They hunted and fished for meat.可知下文是制作布料，燃料和

纸张。根据题意，

故选 C。

【2题详解】

句意：人们开始制造由水和蒸汽驱动的机器，甚至后来又发展到由煤、油和汽油驱动的机器。A. as 作为；

B. for 为了；C. with 带有，具有；D. by 通过。根据下文 and even later, by coal, oil, and petrol. Large cities

were built.可知上文是用介词 by。根据题意，

故选 D。

【3题详解】

句意：满是机器的工厂为数千人在城市创造了就业机会。

A. full 满的；B. proud 骄傲的；C. sick 生病的；D. short 短的。这里是充满的意思，full of…充满，根据题

意，故选 A。

【4题详解】

句意：住在城市的人比住在农场的人多。

A. mountains 山脉；B. rivers 河水；C. grasslands 草原；D. farms 农场。根据上文 more people lived in cities

可知下文是说农场。根据题意，故选 D。

【5题详解】

句意：公司建造发电厂来发电，以运行机器、工厂和城市。

A. metal 金属；B. water 水；C. electricity 电；D. oil 油。根据下文 to run the machines，factories and cities.

可知上文是发电。根据题意，故选 C。

【6题详解】

句意：人们没有意识到这些活动正在伤害地球。

A. helping 帮助；B. harming 有害；C. wasting 浪费；D. losing 失去。根据上文 People did not realize these

activities 可知下文是在伤害地球。根据题意，故选 B。

【7题详解】

句意：他们没有意识到石油、天然气、煤炭和矿产正迅速被消耗殆尽。

A. clearly 清晰地；B. hardly 几乎不；C. quickly 快速地；D. slowly 慢地。这里是说快速地用完。根据题意，

故选 C。

【8题详解】

句意：随着城市规模的扩大和遍布全国。动植物开始消失。

A. Before 在……之前；B. If 如果；C. As 当……的时候；随着；D. Though 通过。根据下文 plants and

animals began to disappear. Their nature homes were destroyed(破坏) as people moved into new places.可知，这

里是当……的时候；随着。根据题意，故选 C。

【9题详解】

句意：随着时间的推移，人们开始意识到保护地球及其自然资源的必要性。

A. forget 忘记；B. see 看见；C. remember 记住；D. get 得到。根据下文 protect the Earth and its natural

resources(资源)可知这里是说开始看到。根据题意，故选 B。

【10 题详解】

句意：人们联合起来告诉世界各地的其他人们保护我们的自然资源和保护地球。

A. them 他们；B. other 其他的；C. another 另一个；D. others 别的，其他的，代词。根据下文 around the

world to conserve(节约) our natural resources and care for the Earth 可知，这里是说全世界的其他人们。根据

题意，故选 D。

【点睛】完形填空题与单项选择题不同，它给出的是一篇意思较为完整的短文。做该题型试题时，首先应

跳过空格通读全文，以全文为背景，联系句子的上下文进行推理和判断，从4个选项中选出一项进行试填。

考生可以从词义用法、固定搭配、逻辑推理和上下文的联系等方面去考虑。最后应再把全文通览一遍，细

心检查所选答案能否使短文上下连贯，前后呼应，词句通顺，使短文意思完整。检查时还应从语法、惯用

法、逻辑推理和事情发生的情节等方面进行考虑，以达到准确无误之目的。如第 4小题，是名词辨析。句

意：住在城市的人比住在农场的人多。A. mountains 山脉；B. rivers 河水；C. grasslands 草原；D. farms 农

场。根据上文 more people lived in cities 可知下文是说农场。根据题意，故选 D。

阅读理解

Like you，plants need good things like food，water，and minerals in order to grow. Usually they get these

important nutrients(营养) from the rich soil(土壤) in which they're planted. But there's another way to grow plants

that doesn't use soil. It's called hydrogenic gardening.

“Hydrogenic” means “working with water. ” In a hydrogenic garden，plants grow with their roots in water，

not in dirt. The water is filled with special food for the plants that gardeners have carefully measured and prepared.

Hydrogenic plants grow quickly. In ordinary gardens，plants need time and energy to grow long roots that

search the soil for food and water. In a hydrogenic garden，plants can use their energy to grow tall instead. And

because there is no soil， there are no weeds and few insect pests(害虫). Gardeners don't need to spray(喷洒)

plants with dangerous chemicals. Both the plants and the environment stay healthy.

Scientists hope that，one day，hydrogenic gardens may be able to help hungry people all over the world

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淄博市2019年初中学业水平考试英语试题第Ⅰ卷选择题完形填空Forthousandsofyears，peoplefarmedtheland.Theygrewfruitsandvegetables.Theyhuntedandfishedformeat.They___1___cloth,dyes(染料)andpaperfromplants.Theyusedstoneandmetalforweaponsandtools.Peopleprogressedtomakingmachinespowered___2___waterandsteam(蒸汽),andevenlater,bycoal,oil,and...

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